Human Resource Practice of Woolworths †MyAssignmenthelp.com

Question: Discuss about the Human Resource Practice of Woolworths. Answer: Introduction Human resource management is the practice to handle the human resource within an organisation and HR department tries to manage the employee performance towards the organisational strategic objectives. In addition, Conflict of interests is a very common issue in the business sector and both the public and private sector face this issue quite frequently. If the conflicts are not managed properly, the productivity of the organisation gets hampered. OECD (Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development) avers that the conflict between the organisational management and employees could inappropriately affect the performance of the official duties and responsibilities (Oecd.org 2017). This study will focus on a situation as stated above and questions related to this situation where conflict has arose in a real-world business situation. This study will delineate the conflict situation within the organisation and the eternal issue between employer and employees. The ethical and professional behaviour to defend this situation will also be discussed in this report. Selected Case Scenario Woolworths Supermarket is a famous Australian supermarket and it is owned by Woolworths Limited. Along with Coles, the retail giant Woolworths create a duopoly in the supermarket industry in Australia. Woolworths has more than 990 stores in all over the Australia and New Zealand. The stores sell vegetables, packaged fruits and foods, meat and necessary things like beauty products, magazines, household products and much more. Woolworths Supermarket started its journey in the year 1942 in South Wales and headquarter of the organisation is in Bella Vista New South Wales. The CEO of the organisation is David Banducci and revenue of the organisation touched 44 billion AUD in the year 2016 (Woolworths.com.au 2017). Woolworths provides special importance in supply chain management as, without the supply chain, the organisation will not manage the product flow in the retail stores. Supply chain management helps the supermarket in boosting the customers' services and it can reduce the operati on cost. Operation costs within retail can decrease purchasing cost and reduce production cost, it can also decrease in total supply chain costs. From the supply chain and warehouse, Woolworths has the benefits of protection of the products, protection of the goods from theft and climatic conditions. Woolworths stores the raw materials for future production and surplus products also stores in Warehouses. According to The Age news, on 9th August 2015, Woolworths faced the issues of workers strike over employees hire casualisation (Mentioned in the new article: https://www.theage.com.au/victoria/woolworths-laverton-workers-strike-over-labour-hire-casualisation-20150809-giv9au.html.) On 9th August, more than 200 striking workers had blocked the trucks from leaving and entering the warehouse at Leverton, in Melbournes west. Woolworths sells liquor also and it has a special department that manages the liquor distribution. The employees at Leverton at the liquor distribution centre started protesting at 4 am on Monday. The anger had been rising among the employees in Woolworths, related to labour hire casualisation in warehouse and supply chain (Theage.com.au 2015). On the last few days, a group of employees met with the management of Woolworths in order to solve the labour-hire casualisation as Woolworths used an external agency in order to hire the casual employees. The employee-group as ked the management to take the disciplinary actions in case of anyone involved in the illegal practice of external agency picket (Theage.com.au 2015). On the other side, Woolworths had been trying to seek the orders to break the picket and the organisational management had been delaying in putting the stop of the issues at the Fair Working Commissions. The employees had been very worried as the notice came from the external agency as a surprise to the employees and they could lose the employment all of a sudden. One of the employees from negotiation team averred that the National Union of Workers had already claimed the introduction of the labour-hire breaching an agreement in the year 2014. While talking with the Woolworths management, the spokesperson declared that external labour-hire firm had made partnership with Woolworths in order to recruit the casual labours. The Woolworths spokesperson had said that they were not going to put any changes in retention and recruitment policy. Moreover, the industrial action had been disappointing that time and Unions and Employees could not address the concerns. The picket had threatened th e labours of the Woolworths and the external agencies also put threat to stop supply of groceries and liquor also. The picket also made the situation worse by stating that more than 600 permanent labours could face the unemployment issues in Melbourne North. Woolworths did not check the situation correctly and the decision of stripping off more than 600 employees from the warehousing operation made the wound worse (Theage.com.au 2015). However, the spokesperson in Woolworths commented that Woolworths tried to invest more in the opening of new stores in Victoria and they shifted the employees in those stores. Interest of employees and business entity Woolworths employees had been protesting about the same issues for two years before the strike occurred and the group of employees tried to negotiate over the key employment problem in Collective Enterprise Agreement. The employees of Woolworths took the industrial stance in order to solve the issue of labour hire casualisation and the employees tried to find solution in a constructive way. That time, Woolworths had more than 197,000 registered staff members. The employees had interest in improving their conditions by striking on Monday and the employees had taken this step out of complete frustration. The casual warehouse employees of Woolworths took the step as they were just pushed into a corner and only one option left to walk off the job. Employees raised the issue of labour hire casualisation and the rights of casual employees to have the permanent positions within the orghanisation with contract. The employees also raised the issues of rates of pay for the casual workers and c onditions in which they had to work in Woolworths. As mentioned by Watson (2013), employees highlighted the ratios of use of casual workers in Woolworths and security in tenure of employment for the casual workers. The casual employees had been facing the issue regarding the lack of transparency in recruiting of the casual employees and the Woolworths management commitment towards the stable workforce. In case of some of the Australian organisations, the management tries to do 100% outsourcing in case of employees from the hiring agencies. The main elements of casualisation that provide benefits to the organisation are minimum wages, no fringe benefits for the hired labours, contract-based working, no job security and reduced payroll (Reddy et al. 2015). The employees do not have the longer services and they do not have long leave also. Woolworths took the casual workers as it provided profit to the organisation as the organisation did not need to give extra wages to the employees. Woolworths had found this casualisation of hired labour was one of the easy path and quick way to generate the revenue. According to Bourelle (2014), in Australian scenario, in the meat industry, this casualisation happens more and employees do not have any security in the job. Woolworths used the labour-hire arrangement s a triangular relationship with the employees as employees were hired as an employe e or by an independent agency (Miller 2014). This resulted that the employees are supplied by the third party and the security in a job depends on the willingness of the third party. In the warehouse of Leverton, the employees were continuously requesting to make them permanent and they were threatened to lose the job. Impact of conflicts on employees and business performance The conflicts between employees and business management always pose a negative impact on the business performance. As stated by Watson (2013), casualisation has always been an element of unemployment in Australia as the employers embraced this flexible option in business. In casual workforce, the employers can reduce manpower depends on workflow and the employers can also detain the employees if they want. In the business concept, JIT (Just in Time) approach can be taken as the business entity wants to provide goods in response to the demand and not in the apprehension of the demands (Toscano 2017). Therefore, Woolworths' management faced the challenge in keeping the employees as a permanent basis in warehouse sector and supply chain. The permanent workforce in idle time was not being a good option for Woolworths. This figure was same on that contemporary time as almost a quarter of all employees in Australian workforce reported being causal workforce (almost 23.2%) (Huang 2015). Whe n the employees had a strike on Monday, the production of that day got hampered as employees were frustrated. With the frustration of the employees, management of Woolworths took the decision to think over the matter. Woolworths had a set of rules and negative influence of the business had influenced the brand image. The stressed and worried employees did not put forward the productivity and business organisation had faced the mental health issue from the employees. The employees desired not to work effectively if their wishes and demands did not get fulfilled. The business objectives and productivity of the organisation got hampered for some days till the management provided a green signal to negotiate over the issues. It was difficult for the Woolworths to look forward without the management of supply chain and warehousing (Frederickson and Rohr 2015). On the other side, it was difficult for the employees to stop the work and responsibilities for a long time. The productivity and brand image of the organisation was in danger and the ethical business policy of the organisation had not been followed perfectly. At that time, growing use of casual labours was predominant and the Woolworths could have been provided certainty of for the casual labours. Role of HR managers In the Woolworths, HR department is very important as the human resources of the organisation are large in numbers. In minimising the conflict issues of the employees against the organisational management, HR department can play the role of negotiator. In this case of Woolworths, the HR department could not redesign the policy of the organisation; however, they could negotiate with the employees to bring out the solution. In pluralistic nature of organisational culture, the most of the critics viewed that conflict represents the dissimilarities of the organisations opinions (Klein et al. 2013). On that sitiation, the HR department could give a memo for show cause, suspend the concerned person, restrict his involvement in the official matter and curtail his scope for promotions. Since penalty is the first option for any company to handle a situation like this. It raises a threat to the other employees so that they are restricted from involving in any such conflicts of interest. Howeve r, in the grievance of the employees, HR department could understand the demands of the employees are valid or viable or not. The employees' demands could be incompatible with the organisational goals. As opined by Fawkes (2014), conflict resolution is all about the decision-making of particular case, HR department of Woolworths made understood the management the needs of the employees and their grievance. HR department could transfer the employees to another department or another location to curtail the relationship with the other employees in order to minimise the rage among emoloyees. HR department of the organisation might arrange a session with the affected employees to know about the exact reason for this type of conflict and the resultant behaviour and may try to dig down deep to know about the loopholes of their policies regarding code of conduct and code of ethics. As suggested by Carrese et al. (2015), HR department could also arrange a training session for the employees on a regular basis to remind them about the company's policies. In case of Woolworths strike of the employees, HR managers needed to conceptualise all the unequal outcomes of the casualisation of hire employees. In recruitment and selection of the employees, HR managers could stop using external agencies for hiring and they could themselves manage the recruitment process. Options available to HRM professional The HR department of Woolworths could arrange a session with the warehouse employees who were involved in the conflict of interests and must try to know the exact reason for such a behaviours and showed them organisational policy. According to the feedbacks of the employees, the HR department could try to change its code of conduct and code of business ethics. In this process, the HR department could set some guidelines to reduce the workplace conflicts. It must be having some already set code of conducts and ethics for all the employees. a) Starting new recruitment policy Woolworths HR managers could start new recruitment policy apart from the third party external recruitment and it might have pacified the employees. The employees of the Leverton needed the security that time and the HR managers could ensure that recruitment policy of the organisation would be changed and management was thinking about this. New recruitment policy would help the employees and HR managers themselves would arrange the recruitment and selection. b) Making permanent to employees The HR department could ensure all the employees in Leverton that they would be permanent in no time and HR department was talking with management in this note. The employees of Leverton in warehousing could stop the strike as the being permanent could solve the casualisation issue in the organisation. The management had to bear the extra wages for that matter, however, the sudden rage of the employees could be solved by ensuring the security in the job. c) Ensuring employee-friendly organisational policies Woolworths made the contract with the employees when they came to the organisation. HR department could make a new set of organisational policies that would ensure a permanent job, security in the workplace and right wages for the employees. This approach of the HR department in Woolworths could decrease the rage of the employees during the strike. Furthermore, the company could have changed some business strategies and ethics to avoid the similarity incidences with the rival company (Bourelle 2014). It is a challenging task and quite time to consume as well as involves financial investments. Best appropriate option in case of Woolworths In case of Woolworths in solving the strike issue, the HR department could ensure the job security for the casual contract employees with giving some fringe benefits. The employees were deprived as they were not treated as equal to permanent employees. Giving dignity to job security in the workplace could solve the issues for employees (Apsc.gov.au 2017). The HR department of Woolworths is always responsible for maintaining the professionalism and ethical behaviour among the employees. These help in developing effective workplace habits, which assist the employees and the organisation in the long run to improve the productivity. In Woolworths, the conflict of interest is a deviation from the workplace ethics and professionalism from the management. In these situations, the group or the individual acted according to their own interest and ignores the organisational interest. In addition, honesty, respect, fairness and responsibility towards the work and the organisation construct the business ethics. Woolworths could have adopted some formal rules and regulations and these are called the code of ethics. Conclusion It has been observed from the analysis that Woolworths had issues in casualisation of employees and they had malpractice in profit-making and wages of the employees. Conflict of interest is a big issue in any organisation and it could lead to a downfall in productivity and in the reputation of the organisation in the long run. Although in some cases, conflicts of interests have contributed in the generation of new ideas and direction for businesses, it has majorly affected some businesses also in terms of quality, corruption, unethical practices and reputation. Such behaviour creates a negative impact on the work culture of the organisation. However, the HR managers could change the organisational policy by ensuring the job security to the employees. References Apsc.gov.au, 2017.In whose interests?: Preventing and managing conflicts of interest in the APS - APSC. Apsc.gov.au. Available at: https://www.apsc.gov.au/publications-and-media/current-publications/in-whose-interest [Accessed on 14 Nov. 2017]. Bourelle, T., 2014. New perspectives on the technical communication internship: Professionalism in the workplace.Journal of Technical Writing and Communication,44(2), pp.171-189. Carrese, J.A., Malek, J., Watson, K., Lehmann, L.S., Green, M.J., McCullough, L.B., Geller, G., Braddock III, C.H. and Doukas, D.J., 2015. The essential role of medical ethics education in achieving professionalism: the Romanell Report.Academic Medicine,90(6), pp.744-752. Fawkes, J., 2014.Public relations ethics and professionalism: The shadow of excellence. Routledge. Frederickson, H.G. and Rohr, J.A., 2015.Ethics and public administration. Routledge. Huang, P.H., 2015. How improving decision-making and mindfulness can improve legal ethics and professionalism.JL Bus. Ethics,21, p.35. Klein, P.G., Mahoney, J.T., McGahan, A.M. and Pitelis, C.N., 2013. Capabilities and strategic entrepreneurship in public organizations.Strategic Entrepreneurship Journal,7(1), pp.70-91. Luce, E.A., 2015. Conflicts of interest. Miller, S., 2014. Trust, Conflicts of Interest, and Fiduciary Duties: Ethical Issues in the Financial Planning Industry in Australia.Capital Failure: Rebuilding Trust in Financial Services, p.305. OECD, 2014.Managing Conflict of Interest in the Public Service. oecd.org. Available at: https://www.oecd.org/gov/ethics/48994419.pdf [Accessed on 14 Nov. 2017]. Reddy, A.A., Rani, C. and Reddy, G.P., 2015. Labour scarcity and farm mechanisation: A cross state comparison. International Journal of Management, 3(4), pp.45-67 Toscano, N. 2017. Woolies workers strike over labour hire casualisation. The Age. Available at: https://www.theage.com.au/victoria/woolworths-laverton-workers-strike-over-labour-hire-casualisation-20150809-giv9au.html [Accessed on 15 Nov. 2017]. Watson, I., 2013. Bridges or traps? Casualisation and labour market transitions in Australia.Journal of Industrial Relations,55(1), pp.6-37. Woolworths.com.au. 2017. Woolworth Supermarket Available at: https://www.woolworths.com.au/ [Accessed on 15 Nov. 2017].

The Leaked Secret to What Are Good Essay Topics for College Essays Uncovered

The Leaked Secret to What Are Good Essay Topics for College Essays Uncovered Up in Arms About What Are Good Essay Topics for College Essays? Reflective essay writing takes events and things that happened previously and puts them in an exceptional perspective. You need to read plenty of books, textbooks or watch some videos to have a great comprehension of your subject and be in a position to come up with a compelling argument. The top rated argumentative essay ideas are broken up into various categories. So, it's a significant foundation for assorted epic stories! The Appeal of What Are Good Essay Topics for College Essays Great news is that we've got a solution. After you graduate, you can decide to enter into the standard workforce system. It is very important to mention that the idea doesn't need to be a good one. Pay close attention to all things electronic, and you will be certain to find something debatable of what you see. 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Essay Topics - Essential For Good Grades

Essay Topics - Essential For Good GradesEssay topics can affect your grade in a variety of ways. With every essay grade for every course you take, it may be very difficult to get the best grades from the tests you have to do. It can be very important to think about all possible topics that you could use when writing an essay.Being an important and serious writer who is constantly looking for topics, I know how much students need to write in order to make a good grade. However, you do not have to spend a lot of time searching for good topics. The importance of being earnest is just as important as you prepare for the essay.The first thing you will have to do is pick up a few different type of topics that are suitable for you. However, there are many reasons why you will have to select a topic, especially if you are writing an essay about something that you have to remember to do. For example, if you have to write a story, you will need to think about what type of story you should writ e about.School does not only take up the full time of your life, you also have to study. In addition, if you happen to be taking part in some projects, you will also need to submit them to the authorities or go to another school. So, if you are taking part in any of those things, it will be vital for you to know your class schedule.Even if you have already decided on an important topic, you should still learn how to keep in mind what you need to do with your writing. It would be very important for you to find out how much time you have before the deadline, so that you have enough time to write your essay and to also make sure that you will not run out of time. To do this, you will have to consider the time of your classes as well as time for studying. If you will still need more time, you will have to make sure that you will be writing something interesting. Sometimes, students will waste a lot of time writing about something that they think would not really interest them. Besides, if you have enough time, you will have to make sure that you write down everything you have to in your essay.The importance of being earnest when writing essays is essential when you are about to go through a very difficult time. Because, if you do not have any idea, you will not be able to avoid going through those times in life when you will find it difficult to concentrate.

Essay Tips - How to Write a Form 2 Term Paper

Essay Tips - How to Write a Form 2 Term PaperF2F2, Form 2, is a term used to describe your average student whose GPA falls in the A range or less. These students are expected to pass Form 2 papers with flying colors to avoid having their admissions file turned in by the FAFSA office. In fact, some schools have dropped this section of the application altogether because these students are usually not as good at filling out their essays as the average grade-pointed student.You might be wondering why you are being asked to write a term paper when you are expecting to be tested for an SAT or ACT test? This is because your application requires that you write a letter explaining why you want to go to school. To do this, it must also be factored into your application.When you talk to your college guidance counselor, he will ask you for letters. Most of the time, your counselor will simply require you to write one. If you are applying to more than one college, you might have to do multiple es say papers. Although this will not seem to make much sense, many college counselors actually give a lot of consideration to this.The purpose of Form 2 is to determine how smart you are. There are two ways to gauge this: GPA and writing ability. The formula that the college uses when determining if you are indeed a smart student is based on a calculation based on your GPA, your 'general ability,' and the average number of Form 2's you get. If you pass all three of these sections, your GPA will help determine if you will be a good fit.Your Form 2 will differ from the average paper, so you need to be very precise with your essay. The easiest way to write a Form 2 is to read through the previous FAFSA applications and memorize what a typical essay looks like. This will allow you to draft an essay based on the standard for these letters. Although you will have to include your experiences and your interests in the essay, you need to remember that you are only writing an essay and not an o fficial academic application.Write down things that you think are important in your past, such as an essay about an internship or any other information that have to do with your life. Then, describe how you met your friends. By giving more personal details, you will come across as someone who cares about you and can connect with your future university.Do not worry too much about the test and your FAFSA application. As long as you wrote an interesting and thought-provoking essay, you will get the job.

How To Use An English Essay Sample to Get Good Grades

How To Use An English Essay Sample to Get Good GradesHave you been stuck with an English Major, Ap English or Civics question on your AAS? It is quite possible that you have never had a problem in answering these questions. Or maybe you are the kind of person who can answer questions on the board well. If you find yourself in either of these categories, you need an English essay sample that will be able to help you win this round.There are a number of different kinds of essays out there to help you with these types of questions. If you have been struggling, then you may want to consider the AAS mock essay. This will help you to show you the answers to the English sample question. This essay is usually for someone who is not familiar with the essay section of the test. If you have taken many tests in the past, you will probably know the instructions and concepts, but if you just cannot answer even one of the questions in your essay, this will be great help.Now, if you are struggling w ith the English section of the AAS, then consider the sample essay that comes from the English department. As long as you think you have a real grasp of the grammar, you can make a solid English essay. The thing that you need to remember is that not all essays that come from this department are graded. The one that you make will be the one that counts.If you are a high school student, you are probably wondering how to use this essay, and if you are one of the few that has not been successful in filling out an English sample, then I can bet that you have not been following directions. The best way to go about using the essay is to follow the instructions for the Department that you were assigned to. The writing part is not something that anyone can do by themselves, so take time to learn the rules.Another option that you have for this essay is to turn to an English Center, who can help you solve this English major. This option will allow you to take an English Sample Essay and get an idea of how to use the material. You can get some good advice on topics, things to focus on, and examples to learn from.AAS Essay Sample Questions can be solved easily if you take the time to learn about the subject matter. If you find that you have a problem understanding the questions, you may want to consult with a friend who knows the material, or find a professor or teacher who is able to help you with the English class.The next time you need to write an essay, you can look at an English essay sample and see what works for you. You will know exactly how you will approach the English section. Remember that the last thing you want is to have to take an English Major again!

Leonardo Da Vinci Essays (434 words) - Giftedness,

Leonardo Da Vinci Leonardo da Vinci Leonardo was born on April 15, 1452, near the town of Vinci. His artistic talent revealed itself early, for he was apprenticed in 1469 to a leading Renaissance master. In the Florence workshop, where he remained until 1476, Leonardo acquired a variety of skills. He entered the painters guild in 1472, and his earliest works date from this time. Works such as the Madonna with the carnation which although are traditional, include detail such as curling hair which only Leonardo could have done. In 1478 he was asked to paint an altar piece for the Palazzo Vecchio in Florence. Three years later he painted the Adoration of the Magi for the monastery of San Donato a Scopeto. It is the most important of all his early paintings. In it, Leonardo shows for the first time his method of organizing figures into a pyramid shape, so that interest is focused on the principal subject. This project was interrupted when Leonardo left Florence for Milan about 1482. Leonardo worked for Duke Lodovico Sforza in Milan for nearly 18 years. Although he was still an artist, painting portraits, he began to become interested in the mechanic and scientific field. But these interests did not stop him from completing his most famous work, The last supper. In 1499 Leonardo left Milan to find another job. For about four years, he switched from job to job. He returned to Florence in 1503, and attempted several significant artistic projects, including the Battle of Anghiari mural for the council chamber of the Town Hall, the portrait of Mona Lisa, and the lost Leda and the Swan. Around this time he began to become more involved in anatomy and performed some dissections. Leonardo returned to Milan in June 1506. He was called to work for the new French government. He remained in Milan for 7 years. The artistic project on which he focused at this time was the equestrian monument to Gian Giacomo Trivulzio, which was also never completed. Around this time he became so involved in science that his art became a reflection of it. In 1516, Leonardo left Italy forever to become the architectural advisor to King Francis I of France, who greatly admired him. Leonardo died at the age of 67 on May 2, 1519 near Amboise, France. The life and work of the great Italian Renaissance artist and scientist, Leonardo da Vinci has been fascinating later generations for years. After his death, he became admired for his art and art theory. Although now he is also recognized for his contributions to science. Arts Essays

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Before most of the world knew who bin Laden was, Thomas Gouttierre, director of the Afghan program at the University of Nebraska at Omaha (UNO), spent several months studying him for the United Nations peacekeeping mission in Afghanistan in 1996 and '97. Gouttierre, who has 37 years experience dealing with Afghanistan, used his sources to confirm for then-U.N. Secretary General Boutros Boutros-Ghali that bin Laden had returned to Afghanistan after leaving Sudan. In his office, Gouttierre still has his bin Laden file, including maps showing the locations of his training camps in the mountainous Central Asian nation. The UNO scholar never met bin Laden but saw his compound in the city of Kandahar and once saw his motorcade pass as the terrorist leader traveled protected by security vehicles. Gouttierre also spent part of his U.N. duty meeting and studying the Taliban, radical Muslim clerics who were and still are fighting for control of Afghanistan. The Taliban reportedly control about 95 percent of the country now. Even before la... Free Essays on Bin Laden Free Essays on Bin Laden A Response to â€Å"Bin Laden’s Bad Bet† Franklin Zakaria, in his article makes a shocking point for most Americans. A year ago, America was stricken with terror. We had the curtain pulled from right in front of our eyes, and on stage we saw a tyrant, Osama Bin Laden, and his Al Queda organization. Hiding behind the curtain for years, Bin Laden planned a treacherous â€Å"play† of terror. When the time was right, and all of America was not paying attention, the curtain was drawn back and the Taliban, along with its director, proceeded to surprise the world with their â€Å"play†. However, September 11, 2001 was not a â€Å"play†; it was an act of destruction, a plot of pure evil. Osama Bin Laden’s motive was not one only to affect the United States but the whole world. He hoped that by his feats of terror he would spark an outburst of radical movements across the Islamic world. Nevertheless, â€Å"The dog has not barked.† (Zakaria p.34) Some believe that he is hiding from fear; yet others sense that Bin Laden is hiding not in fear but in hope to resurrect another plan of mass destruction. Fareed Zakaria gives us a history lesson to help explain his point of view on the outcome of September 11. A decade ago, many people were concerned with political Islam-â€Å"how to setup an Islamic state, implement Sharia and practice Islamic banking.† (p.34) Algeria, Egypt, Turkey, and Pakistan all were terrorized by Islamic groups like the mullahs, but today they are for the most part vanquished. Again, many say that they are still in hiding, but this is where Mr. Zakaria makes an outstanding point. If these terrorist are in hiding it must be in fear, because how can a political movement achieve its goals if no one speaks its name? â€Å"A revolution, especially a transitional one, needs ideologues, pamphlets and party lines to articulate its message to the world. It needs politicians willing to embrace its cause. The Islami... Free Essays on Bin Laden As America fought wars around the globe in the 20th century, one principle guided U.S. alliances: The enemy of my enemy is my friend. In the war against Hitler, the United States found common cause with Stalin. In the war against Japan, America aided Vietnamese rebel Ho Chi Minh. In Third World struggles, America helped Manuel Noriega and Saddam Hussein. And as Afghan rebels fought Soviet invaders in the During the 1980s, the United States gave aid from afar while Saudi exile Osama bin Laden provided support from within Afghanistan. Bin Laden emerged quickly after the September 11th attack on America as the prime suspect, directing a global network of terrorists from camps in Afghanistan. His apparent role in the attacks and the possibility of retaliation generated acute interest in Omaha, home to about 300 former Afghan refugees and the nation's only Center for Afghanistan Studies. Before most of the world knew who bin Laden was, Thomas Gouttierre, director of the Afghan program at the University of Nebraska at Omaha (UNO), spent several months studying him for the United Nations peacekeeping mission in Afghanistan in 1996 and '97. Gouttierre, who has 37 years experience dealing with Afghanistan, used his sources to confirm for then-U.N. Secretary General Boutros Boutros-Ghali that bin Laden had returned to Afghanistan after leaving Sudan. In his office, Gouttierre still has his bin Laden file, including maps showing the locations of his training camps in the mountainous Central Asian nation. The UNO scholar never met bin Laden but saw his compound in the city of Kandahar and once saw his motorcade pass as the terrorist leader traveled protected by security vehicles. Gouttierre also spent part of his U.N. duty meeting and studying the Taliban, radical Muslim clerics who were and still are fighting for control of Afghanistan. The Taliban reportedly control about 95 percent of the country now. Even before la...